P1: Media & Rep

 

Semiotics

Wednesday, November 9th 

LO: to understand the terminology and theory needed to analyze music videos.

Semiotics refers to how a signifier can have a literal meaning (a red traffic light) but it might signify a greater meaning (connotation) -  stop/danger/attention.

single full-body shot

dirty singles

med close up    

Extreme close-up shot of the nose

close up

low angle

Homework for 11/11/22

• Who is the target audience and which elements would appeal to them?
• What kind of representations are constructed?
• What are the different possible readings of the texts?
• What contextual information is assumed? 
• Has the audience changed since the 1960s? How can you tell?

(This first poster is from 1962.)

The target audience for this film was men, this was made obvious due to the representation of women on this poster. They are all showing a lot of skin which is appealing to men, thus making them the target audience. The representation being constructed is that James Bond is better than the others in the poster. Sean Connery is the centre of attention, with the woman next to him being smaller than him, however, that is still put forward as an important feature of the poster whereas the man on the left border of the poster is in black and white when the rest of the sign is in bold colours (such as red and yellow being the two primary colours) and is a lot smaller than the others, whom I can only assume is the villain of this film. However his insignificance is shown due to this poster, he was only there for the plot line so James Bond could continue finding accomplices which just happen to be women that are put in the forefront of this poster. Proving to us that the storyline is about Bond and the women he encounters, and due to the way those women on the sign are dressed, we can only assume it's in a sensual connotation, thus again having us return to the idea that this film was made for a male audience. There are multiple readings of the text on this poster. Firstly, the words written in red are given much more significance and attention. The first text I saw was about this being the first James Bond film, which is hugely important, setting this movie to become a saga. The second writing I noticed was the large and bold lettering of Dr No who - despite not making a huge appearance on the poster - was posted as an importance of significant value to the film. The 3rd text I noticed was the original writer's name. Other than the word "technicolour" the rest of the writing in the main area of the poster seems unimportant. As for the wording on the white band, the only name that contains significance here is Sean Connery because he plays 007 aka the main character of this film. The only other names that hold significance, (although not as imposed as the main character's) are the starring co-stars and only their last name is in bold, again showing their lack of importance in comparison to the actor of the main character. 

(This poster is from 1983)

This James Bond film is again directed toward men and just like the previous poster, the woman on the sign standing behind Bond would appeal to the men. The representation constructed is once again James Bond on the front of the poster because he is the main character, with the woman behind him trying to seduce him (which is a running theme in the bond films). There are multiple fonts in this poster, however, the red writing is once again something to draw you in. The first couple of words in red is the main character's actor's name, followed by the name of the character he is playing. Finally, there is the title of the film. The next thing I saw was the writing in bold in the top left, which is a stand-alone line to entice the target audience to watch the film and the release date which is at the bottom of the poster to build up anticipation for this film's release. Furthermore, we can then focus on the smaller words, ie. the director's name & the writer's name. And lastly, we can see the more minor wording, which is credits but seeing the casting list and producer's name isn't of main importance compared to the film's main character who has built a reputation around the name and becoming a household name. The contextual information is that there is a woman that appears wealthy and is trying to use Bond as an ally. 

The target has always been for men, however, this time they represent it differently than before, this time they show the main character, in a suit with his gun which is much more classy and in simpler terms "cool". Bearing in mind these films are primarily action based and that genre, in particular, is mostly predominated by a male audience, as most of these films are made with male main characters. The idea that all we need to put in the forefront is 007 is proof that James Bond is a household name, whether we've seen the films or not. 007 and the title "Skyfall" is the only dominant texts on this whole poster, the minimalism on this poster is proof that all you need is the title and the well-known character's name to sell a film. However, there is still small text, which is mainly credits.  

Conclusion:    

The audience has definitely changed largely since the 1960s now not only are these films mainly viewed by men but there is a notable percentage of women who enjoy James Bond films. However, with the analysis of these posters, we can tell when the change happened. Initially, it started out as a male-dominated audience, and gradually, women started taking interest in said films, therefore, causing the toning down of the sexualization of women to the point where the only character of interest on the final poster is James Bond himself.

Analysis: 11/11/22

L/O: To practice using the terminology and theory needed to analyse music videos.

BTS (방탄소년단) '피 땀 눈물 (Blood Sweat & Tears)' Official MV

The mise en scene sets the tone for elegant and luxurious Victorian aesthetics with elements alluding to Greek Mythology. Almost every scene in the video features a painting or sculpture relating to the renaissance period which adds to the classical visuals. The outfits used in the video stem from a range of high-class fashion brands to parallel the aesthetics. The choice of clothing contrasts traditional gender stereotypes of men through regal attire, chokers, and the use of makeup. One of the relevant paintings shown in the video (00:41 – 00:47), illustrates the battle between good and fallen angels and can be seen as a representation of the members in the real world versus the versions of themselves in this dream state. The camerawork itself feels very artistic and almost ethereal. The medium-long shot gives us a full view of the painting and the emotion behind Seokjin's thoughts. With the two different archways, it appears to show the line between hell and heaven

The green liquid symbolizes reassurance and universal love; his deepest desires but greed or jealousy in terms of sins. With that being said, when Namjoon exhales and lies across a chair engulfed in green smoke (03:00 – 03:04), it can be interpreted as him not only falling into temptation (which he thinks is his positive desire) but letting it consume him.  Not only that, but the long shot of Jeongguk laying on the bed to the wide shot of both Namjoon and Jeongguk displaying where they are in a more Victorian-style room as previously mentioned.

Ultimately, Blood, Sweat & Tears is a visual masterpiece. The mise en scene creates a gallery of rich aesthetics while paying attention to the storyline. Incorporating key audio and visual art into the video. Each cut is on the beat, however, they make it less obvious by not cutting on every beat, except for every few beats which make this video all the more artistically creative. Finally, this whole video is a mix of both performance and narrative.

Wednesday 23rd of November

Research of the set texts

Heaven - Emeli Sande & Titanium - David Guetta

List A :

Artist name:  Emeli Sande

Genre: soul

Song name: Heaven

Release date: 2011

 Link to lyrics: https://genius.com/Emeli-sande-heaven-lyrics

Summary of song meaning: “Heaven” explores the concept of life after death, and mulling over the bad things that she has done throughout her daily life.

Music video description: The music video was filmed in Bethnal Green, London, United Kingdom. The beginning of the music video shows Sande sitting at a window in a house, the scene later changes a number of times to different people; the people who are looking upset. As she starts singing the chorus, singing "oh heaven" it shows Sande singing and a view of the clouds in the sky. Throughout the music video, there are various shots of Sande around different towns and places in London. There are often shots of people saying prayers, and carrying a statue of Mary and a Cross resembling heaven and God; there are also shots of Sande standing and singing outside a cathedral.

Explanation of how the song links to the music video:

Description as to how the artist is represented:

List B: 
Artist name/s: David Guetta, Sia
Genre: pop
Song name: Titanium
Release date: 2011
Link to the lyrics: https://genius.com/David-guetta-titanium-lyrics
Summary of song meaning:  “Titanium” acts as an anthem against the critics and the bullies, equating vicious criticisms to bullets.Music video description:
Explanation of how the music video relates to the song:
Description as to how the artist is represented:

mid shots and closeup to personalize the artist and help with proximity
establishing shots/crane/wide angles identify the location
edits & cuts to the beats
the slow motion used to reflect the tempo
colour grading reflects the tone or genre of the song
variety of locations 
costume and makeup can reinforce the colour scheme/tone of the video
props can illustrate lyrics/create realism
natural lighting
performance/ artist singing

Wednesday 30th November

LO: to explore conventions, contexts & representation in media language.

Starter tasks

how are artists, as a brand, shown in the music video. 

creating a brand:

Music artists and bands are, in themselves, brands. They will be represented in a certain way to appeal to their target audience just like any other media product. 

Confident gaze

femininity 

pink hue

feminine colours. 

bare arms

low angle to show her confidence

punky 

slanted pose

high key lighting

eyes and lips are highlighted

flawless skin

plain neutral background complimentary to her skin and clothes

professional photo shoot 

Heaven

This music video was filmed in Bethnal Green, London, United Kingdom

the director of this music video is Jake Nava

andé discussed the background of the song; "A lot of people when they first hear it immediately think the early '90s, that kind of era, strings with the 'Funky Drummer' underneath them, quite an epic sounding I guess. The song was written after a very long conversation I had with [producer] Naughty Boy. We got into a very deep conversation about religion and how to be good – what we all try to do in this day and age and how difficult it is. He said, 'I guess you just have to keep your heart clean' and that sparked the whole song. It was done really quickly and we knew it was a special one as soon as it was done."

the song's music video was directed by Jake Nava who has previously worked with Beyonce, Alicia Keys, Kanye West, and Nicki Minaj. I was shot It was shot in Bethnal Green, in east London where sande lives 

binary oppositions in the music video

old man young woman 

dodgy man in a closed alley vs innocent children in an open park'

massive religious connotations

the hooded figure carrying a cross

 it's about struggle, temptation, redemption, and new beginnings.  

homework:

explain how Sande is represented in Heaven and summarise the meanings encoded throughout

Emeli Sande is represented like any other person, saying she's the same as everyone else, her costume, however, is symbolic,. She is for the most part represented as angelic, with the bright lights giving her an angelic look as if there was a halo over her head although she is dressed in all black.

Representation

Question: How has street life been represented in Heaven

Street life has been represented in many different ways, from age range to ethnicity, even mental health struggles, and very briefly touched upon substance abuse. In my opinion, this is represented to be similar to the working class, however, she also seems distant.  Almost as if she is watching over the people shown in the video. The representation of viewpoints and ideologies is made apparent, it's a criticism of how the government treats working-class people and their wish for more aid or a better life. This is social realism, showing the truth of living as the working class in the United Kingdom. In concern to the editing, it is apparent that a colour filter has been used to create a colourful effect that creates a retro, vintage atmosphere. This allows the footage of the music video to resemble and appear as being seemingly old. This vintage effect also enables the music video to appreciate the 90s-inspired instrumental.  The editing is cut to the beat and demonstrates Montage editing.  A light effect can also be identified in such shots where there are stained glass windows and bright sunny skies. This increase in light intensity can be perceived as having religious connotations, particularly signifying ‘Heaven’. This could also represent messages within the lyrics which may portray a desire to be brought to light. A high-angle frames the shot of a woman walking in a red dress. This high-angle shot, therefore, indicates that she is heading out into a world where she is highly vulnerable as she is surrounded by the risk of danger and death(which are presumably linked to the colour red).  Close-up shots are used to capture despair among a diverse range of people, again relating to the effect the lows of society have had on them. Close-up shots also stress that they close their eyes in pain.  This extreme close-up signifies the want of an individual to be recognized and considered as being just as valuable as the worthiest human.  Emeli Sande’s face is framed close up from a slightly low angle. This shot describes her as a voice that is powerful in conveying messages through its melody and opinions.

Titanium - 

Sia Kate Isobelle Furler (born 18 December 1975) is an Australian singer and songwriter. Born and raised in Adelaide, she started her career as a singer in the band Crisp in the mid-1990s. In 1997, when Crisp disbanded, she released her debut studio album, titled OnlySee, in Australia. She moved to London and provided vocals for the British duo Zero 7. Sia released her second studio album, Healing Is Difficult, in 2001, and her third, Colour the Small One, in 2004.

arguably binary oppositions with Canada as more liberal and accepting that the isolation that the boy feels

One of the reasons it could be set in the late 70s or early 80s is to mirror Super 8 which was set in 1979

possible: cycling (ET), empty seats, no adults (Halloween, 1979), and the whole Spielberg 1979/the 80s 

The FBI in the woods, references 1979 and Steven Spielberg's ET, along with Ryan Lee who starred in Super 8 as one of the characters in the friend group, is the main character of the music video. Two posters reference two different things. For example the poster of  David Guetta in the school and also the Superargo poster behind the tv in his home. 

In other words, the main character in the Titanium video is played by an actor called Ryan Lee, who was one of the stars of the film Super 8, a film that dealt with science fiction themes and also some mild parental abuse towards young boys and girls similar in age to the boy in the Titanium video; Super 8 also came out in 2011 it is an important intertextual reference point for the makers of this video. As the boy stands he takes a deep breath (a sign of anxiety or a sign that he is preparing himself for whatever comes next) and begins to walk down the now devastated school corridor followed by the camera operator in - what I can assume is- a Steadicam shot. The boy is seen clutching the bobbled hat and as he walks in a long shot we see what could be an intertextual link to the artist David Guetta, there is a drawing on the wall of the corridor behind the boy which looks like Guetta –this is probably placed there because it is a joke for Guetta fans, what is called an Easter egg, a small surprise for fans of the DJ.

Wednesday 14th December

Wednesday 4th January

How are those viewpoints and ideologies incorporated into your videos?

??

ES: Hedonism is represented by those who abused drugs in the music video.

Feminism is represented...

Individualism is represented throughout the whole video with each shot being a close-up focus on each individual shown in the music video.

DG: Patriarchy is shown in the video thanks to the teacher who is afraid of the child but all the policemen are men who are not afraid of the child and hunt him. In conclusion, the men are braver than the woman who hid when she was in front of the strange child.

Individualism: Throughout the video, the main character is the kid who has supernatural powers. We follow him from his point of view from the beginning, where he was sitting on the ground in the school until his failed escape from the police at the end

Advertising

Humour- The high number on the clicker, and using the man who is made to look like a comedic famous actor

Lifestyle- Suggests there will be more successful relationships and have a more fun and exciting life, no matter what you look like, using a not particularly attractive looking man

Escape- Suggesting that you will be able to escape from your everyday concerns with the Lynx effect

Celebrity Endorsement- Using a man who looks like a funny character from 'The Inbetweeners'

Font- Capital bold letters representing masculinity

Shot type- Close up, showing his proud and excited expression, making the target audience believe that this is how they could also appear if they were to use Lynx

Fear- Showing that a man who looks like an average and normal man can get so much attention from women makes the target audience fear that they won't be able to compare to him if they do not own Lynx

Colours: red, black, white

Camera/edit: mid-shot, focusing on the product as well as the model, golden font

Props: red beads. perfume, black tight dress

Elaborate makeup, alluring expression, fake nails, painted red

The attention brought to the perfume being balanced on her hand and how her arms are positioned highlight the prouct, like she is hypnotising us.

People would be interested in the beautifwomanmen and how perfect she looks, making us want to be able to look like her.

Her expression is sort of hypnotic just like the name of the perfume

Make us think that this 'Hypnotic Poison' could make us look or feel as beautiful as this woman but mysteriously, hypnotically beautiful

Brand identity is shown at the bottom of the advertisement= Christian Dior logo, showing us clearly the name of the famous brand. 

Perfume bottle shaped like an apple- Adam and Eve, Snow White=poison

Supernatural element, gothic, vampire, witch

What is the purpose of advertising?

How do they do it:

AIDA

advertisers traditionally used this approach to hook the audience's attention in advertising:

ATTENTION

INTEREST

DESIRE

ACTION (call to action)

 

Music videos help send a message to an audience through the lyrics that the artist sings. It also entertains the audience and promotes the artist or band and it also promotes the song that is playing. When music videos have different genres, it promotes and represents the artist in the way that the record label or the artist chooses to be seen. To summarize, having different genres in music videos shows the different ways those bands/artists choose to promote themselves.

In Emeli Sande’s ‘Heaven,’ the music video is based around the idea of heaven and uses different characters and symbols to help formulate this concept. The music video takes real-life people, their situations, their struggles and their locations throughout the video; this could help the audience relate to these different individuals. Not only this, the camera has a filter which can reflect on a homemade video, creating more of a realistic view rather than a produced high-budget music video. The camera captures Emeli Sande at different points in the video, it shows her singing, looking to the sky and out windows etc. This is because it is her song, her music and her name therefore she is shown in the video to promote herself and her music, this helps the audience remember who she is making them want to listen to her more and identify her in the media. As the music video takes on real-life people, it’s almost like a discourse for them, to help people realize that others aren’t as well-off as others (this could be directed towards a certain demographic that is consuming this media). Emeli is almost seen as an ‘angel’ due to her presence in the video as she stands on high buildings with bright lighting and addresses the problems by using her lyrics as leverage “heaven I wait with good intentions”.

Friday's Homework:

Homework

Tell me.

How are gender, ethnicity and sexuality represented?

In this music video, gender is usually represented equally except there are more men shown in the video as they seem to be the ones struggling the most. As for ethnicity, we are shown a plethora of different individuals of varied ethnic backgrounds, therefore, giving insight into the lower-class conditions and proving that those that come from immigrant families struggle more or less as much as other ethnic backgrounds. However, sexuality isn't really represented in this video. This is the only main topic that isn't represented.

Example Questions:

The definition of intertextuality is the reference to another media text or cultural product to shape and develop meaning. Music videos are postmodern, frequently using intertextual references to create visually stimulating videos that appeal to the target audience and sell the song.

David Guetta's 'Titanium' is a narrative video that doesn't feature the artist at all and tells a story instead. The meaning behind the song's lyrics is represented through the use of intertextual references to media texts like E.T., Superargo, Super 8 and the artist (David Guetta) as well. The use of these references is an important feature in the video, allowing the director to create additional meaning to amplify the lyrics and engage the audience, who will find satisfaction in recognizing the references. They also help the director play with genre conventions as a way of presenting a brand identity for the artist.

'Titanium' creates a narrative that references 1980s American suburbia and culture. This is achieved through several intertextual film references, the science fiction genre themes of youth versus authority and the supernatural. ET is referenced during the bike chase through the streets and at the wooded location at the end. This reference helps the audience identify the location and period as it looks similar to the era used in ET. It also communicates that the boy is in opposition to authority and similarly to ET, we find out that he has supernatural powers. This gives additional meaning to the lyrics as we learn that, as in ET, although he might frighten people, he is good, thus reinforcing the lyrics of the song and themes of youth versus authority and inner strength.

 

Explain how media language help to understand social and cultural context? (for Titanium)

This text focuses on how media language helps to understand the social and cultural context of the music video,, Titanium". Media language is used to build up the world the video takes place in, to make the audience feel they are actually in the period of the video or understand certain situations. For example why a woman isn't allowed to vote. The media language includes gestures, facial expressions, female and male positions,  political situations, clothing and the environment. 

In the first mise en scene, I would like to address the time the whole video takes place. 'Titanium' takes place in the 1980s in a stereotypical American suburban neighbourhood. There is also only one woman in the music video who is scared of the young boy. All the men are strong and not scared at all. Different from the woman they hunt the small boy. It shows what kind of positions women were in back then. men ruled the world and were seen as strong personalities different to weak, objective, stay-at-home moms. 

The social context given to the young boy is a working-class home/life. His house is messy and it allows the audience to presume that his parents aren't present and always need to work to support the family or that he lives on his own.

Wednesday 18th January

Different meanings: preferred or dominant reading, agree with meaning and buy the product

Negotiated meaning: accept the purpose but might not want the product

Oppositional meaning: reject the message and will not buy the product

Exam set texts

Old advertisement:

"become one of the freshest places on earth" - tagline

the adverts became modernised and the packaging has changed. They now have a famous face promoting the brand and appearing in adverts both in video and poster media forms.

Their promotion started by convincing women to buy this as a gift for a man whereas this current poster is now just promoting the new products as well as being comedic. They also use a more refined version of the brand's original font for the brand name. Their logo is no longer front and centre,it has been made smaller so it is no longer the first thing you look at, now you look at the vibrant coloured packaging.

layout

color

imagery

language

mise en scene

The Old Spice advert employs a positive view of the Bahamas, as a place of exotic pleasure as a top holiday destination spot. The Old Spice advert creates diversity in the advertisement as a whole by representing an African-American. In the foreground of this image, we have the brand representative edited to have a beach setting on his chest with a volcano on his head representing the place that the new product displayed was inspired from (in this case- the Bahamas). On the "beach", we can see what I can only assume are holiday-makers.

Representation:

Instead of being traditionally clothed with a regular outfit, the man is covered by sand and a volcano on his head through the use of photoshop instead of props. This suggests that the fragrance is so powerful that when you put it on you’re basically wearing an entire exotic island.

The representative's body acts as an island & his expression (smoulder) acts as a major aspect of the poster as the expression he uses almost suggests confidence and a sort of flirtatiousness. It’s almost like he finds the entire situation comedic while also maintaining control of the situation as he knows that it is his body that is being used, which is separate from his personal being, therefore he is not compromising who he is.

Mens grooming is widely accepted and encouraged in the western media, this poster appeals to women and homosexual men in the attractive sector however this advertisement also appeals to men who aspire to be like the representative. We also associate holidays, wealth, pleasure and relaxing with Caribbean cultures which is all positive stereotypes that bring us joy. 

Old advertisement: 

Wednesday 25th January

Masculinity

starter task:\

traditional traits/characteristics in men

-smart

-strong

-dominant

-respectable

-quick-witted

- secretive

-chivalrous

-commanding

-innovative

-hard-working

-well put-together

-rugged features

-facial hair

-denim

-rough

-general toughness  

The old spice campaign doesn't adhere to current stereotypes due to the advert being made at a moment where the stereotypes were still based is the standard stereotypes of masculinity (we were in our tumblr era) where men we're encouraged to be strong and viewed as a more protective role than they are viewed in now.

Due to the nature of this campaign, I can assume that the target audience hadn't changed much from the past advertisements. Women have always been their target audience, as women are more prone to buying men aftershave, and other male hygiene products as gifts. Thus giving the campaign leverage when it came to advertising. Profiting from the women who don't know what to get their husband, boyfriend, friend, relative etc.

Identify- A man with a volcano erupting from his head and his body merging into a tropical island. There are clouds, water, blue sky, a shark on a fishing line, palm trees, sand, the product in the bottom right side of the advert, information written about the product and people. The man is being represented as almost like a god, bigger than everyone else and part of the landscape and clearly a very important and eye-catching feature.

Consider- This creates meaning that there is more to this scent than just one sort of smell, that it has many different qualities and is a tropical smelling strong smell. It represents the product as unique and the type of smell that would show the power of the person using it. The target audience is for both older and younger men or even women who may want to buy a gift for their partner based on this advertisement.

Investigate- The producer has chosen to represent the product like this to create a scent that suggests strength and masculinity, or shows how a woman would ideally want their partner to smell since the man is making an alluring facial expression that appeals to the female gaze. Also, the fact that his head is an exploding volcano shows that the product could make a man come across as more of an explosive character himself, or even edgy and dangerous, possibly good at protecting a woman. Additionally, the people on the beach below the man all seem to have lots of chaos surrounding them like the crabs attacking a man whilst the man who is above them all is calm and collected, suggesting that this is what this product would do to you if you were to purchase it. The old spice 'smell like a man' campaign from 2010 was a transformative mass market campaign for the aftershave brand so through this new advertisement they have been able to attract a much wider audience of both younger and older men.

Evaluate- This use of media language is extremely effective since there are such a range of elements to it, and it is very eye-catching: as we see it briefly we wonder what the deeper meaning behind it is, catching our attention.

Lucozade started as a heath drink, mainly to help repeople recover from illness, mainly sold in chemists. They eventually changed direction and ended up slowly transforming in a "sports drink" and finalised that by sponsoring known sports and athletes. Originally their colour pallet consisted of Orange and yellows now. Along with the rebranding, the repackaging comes next, their signature colours for Lucozade sport became an electric blue and yellow. Now the brand is now seen as an energy drink, although they try to set themselves apart from the 'energy drink' market by marketing the drink using the word sport, instead.

Soft drink/ energy drink adverts: (5-10)

 The colours differentiate from a typical energy drink, mainly promoting itself as a soft drink with the blue background and the black text with the yellow backdrop. However, the tag line is similar to an energy drinks. 
The text is on the left side of the advert, catching the eye with its bright colours with Gareth Bale on the right, the image is saturated. And finally, In the lower right corner, we can see the product itself.

    Football is the most dominant sport, and exercise is one of the most encouraged activities. The ideals and aspirations  in this advert mainly appeal to men (men that enjoy sports and/or working out). 

22nd Feb 

Advertising: Lucozade

-Colour palette- All of the backgrounds are very colour coordinated with the product, the Pepsi has blue and blue, coke has red and red, Fanta orange with orange, monster the black and green and the man on the beach in the sprite advert is wearing green just like the bottle. Bright colours, featuring the product -and highlighting it

-Font- Bold and all-white to stand out against the background with a tagline

-Condensation running down the drinks to make the drink look cold and refreshing

-Neon colours for energy drinks, a dark and bright colour contrasting highlighting the eccentricity of the drink

-Splash or fizz around the drink, a depiction of energy

-Using Gareth Bale as a sponsor, promoting the product as successful and enhancing. 

-Colour palette blue and yellow like the drink, very masculine

-Bold capital slogan, pun on words

-Gareth's face is looking serious and dedicated, showing us that this is genuine and important and that Lucozade Sport makes a huge difference

-Product is in the bottom right corner, close to Gareth Bale, making us see both at the same time

-He is represented as physically dominant, strong, fit, broad shoulders, intense stare

-Stats are scientific

-Lighting focuses on his face, photo manipulated to make him look robotic

-Sweat on face shows us that he has been doing sports while hydrating himself with Lucozade

-Supports traditional stereotypes, male footballer, positive though that he is top of his game

-The best people only drink the best things

-Football is most dominant sport in the UK

24th feb:

  

* they address the audience directly. emotional appeal.

* and make them feel guilty and sad.

* typically a person looking directly into the camera/ close up shot. The brand/logo usually is a well know charity, reputable and respected. 
*It uses somber colours, notably black and white. A very direct address (talking to the person reading the poster.

* challenges the audience to act and donate or take action to help. Relies on the good will of people.

A wider recessionary pressure and growing unemployment, has a negative impact in many of those vulnerable to homelessness.

Welfare reform in combination with economic downturn had driven homelessness up in England. Undermining the safety net that provides a buffer between a loss of income and homelessness. Will restrict access to the private rented sector for low income households

Substantial changes in longstanding trends in home ownership and renting. In 2011, more than half (64%, 15.0 million) of the 23.4 million households in England and Wales were owner-occupied, however, this was a decline from 69% in 2001, which was the first fall in a century.

Diverse representations are used to show a wide spread of genders and ethnicities. Common concerns. The text is over their face and not over their lips to insinuate that the people in the posters are communicating what is written and that it completely takes over their thoughts.

The representation is positive, the charity is attempting to portray people that retain shared issues with a variety of the public. Ascertaining that they are not alone and that there exist resources to aid them that they potentially didn't know regarding their situation.

The stereotype that is given is that the individuals in the poster are ethnic because the majority of the population of those struggling financially are from ethnic backgrounds. 

Social duty: provide an accurate and detailed account of events. It should also provide a forum for people to share their views and ideas
Social inequality: unequal spatial distribution of social media sharing in a particular geographic area or between areas.
Stereotypes: describe or show people belonging to specific ethnic or cultural groups.

Consumerism: is the sum of information and entertainment media taken in by an individual or group.

Individualism: political and social philosophy that emphasizes the moral worth of the individual

Homework:

Shelter advert:

These posters have been made to raise awareness for the increasing problem of homelessness. The direct address and pitiful expressions as a cry for help, therefore making the audience feel responsible for solving the crisis. The colour palette is red, black, and white which are commonly the Shelter brand/ charity colours. Using the colour red which has connotations of urgency urging us to act. The main text is obscuring their faces so we do not overlook the utterances which give us an understanding of peoples' experiences, making us feel interconnected to them. The lighting concentrates on the faces which have been desaturated to make them look underweight and uncared for in their homelessness, this makes the audience empathise with them, prompting them to support the cause. 

The mise en scene used is primarily through costume and makeup, the people included on the posters are not stereotypical of how society regards a homeless person, they are a variety of genders, young and have no indicative signs of homelessness that we would anticipate (scars, scruffy beard, dirty, etc), the significance we can take from this is that homelessness is something that will impact anyone no matter their age, gender or race. Halls theory of representation applies here, they have intentionally used anti-stereotypes to endeavour to fix how we as a society view homelessness.

The Big Issue:

LO: To research institutions and ideologies behind case study projects.

Magazine codes and conventions

eye contact

direct address

masthead in the top left

Cover analysis

L/O: to analyse big issue covers effectively

Both covers have 3 colours (blue, white, red/ white, orange, and black)

The covers are covering two different topics: Politics and Modern Media 

they both have similar formats when it comes to the masthead

One gives off newspaper vibes and the other has a bit more of a modern twist

A Split masthead (unconventional) anchors the featured article in terms of importance

Direct mode of address: The model looks directly at the camera and uses the word 'you'

Indirect: The model looks away, refers to people and public

The use of a split masthead anchors the main image as the 'big issue' of the magazine, it also entices us to look at the bottom of the cover to finish reading the title. The use of overlapping of the main image on the masthead and the cover lines placed on the sides of the cover are conforming to typical conventions of magazine front covers. The main image of a disabled person creates a representation that the Big Issue is inclusive 

The Big issue cover uses media language to suggest that the Country is in need of saving. We can This via the mise-en-scene of the queen as a big issue vendor. Stereotypically most big issue vendors are people who are disadvantaged and in poverty. The queen represents all of England so here we get a representation of England being in a low point and disadvantaged. This is all done in the style of Banksy who is a English Graffiti Artist Banksy, who is known for his profound artworks that puts light on to corrupt parts of society that shouldn't be allowed to exist, This could suggest that England as a whole is or is becoming more and more unstable or corrupt to the point where people like the queen could end up like a big issue vendor which a British audience would understand as at the time we had started an economic decline. 

The pink connotations come from the pink undertones of their skin and the lipstick that the queen is wearing. It stands out against the background of the image used on the front cover.

The black Masthead is used due to the barker colour of the image it also give this cover a more serious look, clashing with the pink in the background.

This photo in particular was used to signify the new reign of King Charles after the passing of the late Queen almost as if the the late Queen was handing over the crown to him in the form of an image. It hold the new reign and the late Queen at eye level to simulate them looking eye-to-eye. 

They focus the subject in the wake of the Queens death due to the announcement being the most well-known incident of the year. Everyone knows of the queens death and it's significance. Almost monetising the death of Britain's most beloved monarchy. 

The background of this cover is dark to signify the importance of the Queen's death and give it darker undertones. The focus is placed of both the late Queen.

Their expressions seem clam and happy to portray a positive message about passing the crown onto Prince Charles.

 Rita Ora

Fatboy Slim

the earth

The Future of the Earth tagline would appeal to the big issues target audience as they are typically left leaning and environmentalism is a value held those who lean left.  

2.

Rita Ora in represented almost as the forefront of the magazine, as it's main focus. She's is a well-known artist and a household name making the most obvious choice to be in the forefront of the cover.

just behind her, is a smaller image of Fatboy Slim once again, a well-known celebrity but is shadowed by rita ora.

 3.